Additional Professor
Areas of Interest
* Skull Base Endoscopy
* Neuroendoscopy
* Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery
* Keyhole Brain Surgery
Dr. D. Sivashanmugam
Educational Qualification
- M.B.,B.S.,
- M.Ch.,
- Endoscopy Fellow (Cornell)
Member of professional bodies:
- NSI,
- NASS,
- NESI,
- NSSI,
- NTSI,
- SBSSI,
- ISCVS,
- NSSA,
- AO Spine,
- ATLS,
- DNA,
- ANNWZ
Publication
- Has Outcome of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Changed With Improvements in Neurosurgical Services? Stroke. 2018;49(12):2890-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.118.022865
- “Microendoscopic” versus “pure endoscopic” surgery for spinal intradural mass lesions: a comparative study and review. Spine J . 2018. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2018.02.002
- Developmental Retrocerebellar Cysts: A New Classification for Neuroendoscopic Management and Systematic Review. World neurosurgery. 2019. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2019.08.052
- Endonasal endoscopic reoperation for residual or recurrent craniopharyngiomas. J Neurosurg . 2017;126(2):418-30. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.1.jns152238
- Reoperative endoscopic endonasal surgery for residual or recurrent pituitary adenomas. J Neurosurg . 2017;127(2):397-408. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.8.Jns152709
- Contralateral supraorbital keyhole approach to medial optic nerve lesions: an anatomoclinical study. J Neurosurg . 2017;126(3):940-4. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.3.jns1634
- Lumbar Drains Decrease the Risk of Postoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Following Endonasal Endoscopic Surgery for Suprasellar Meningiomas in Patients With High Body Mass Index. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) . 2018;14(1):66-71. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opx070
- The hyperextension triad of type II odontoid fracture, posterior atlantoaxial dislocation (reducible in flexion), and C1 posterior arch fracture: implications on emergency management and anterior versus posterior surgical approach. Spine J . 2016;16(1):e43-4. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2015.09.014
- Chance fracture in ankylosing spondylitis–not merely by chance! Danger of injudicious use of skull traction. Spine J . 2015;15(11):e47-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2015.06.065
- Idiopathic ankylosis of lumbar spine after nonfusion surgery. Spine J . 2015;15(9):2101-2. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2015.04.045
- “Artifactual fracture-subluxation” of cervical spine in computed tomography screening sans plain radiographs. Spine J . 2013;13(11):e45-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.074
- Imatinib Inhibits GH Secretion From Somatotropinomas. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2018;9:453. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00453
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T variant and hyperhomocysteinemia in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients from India. Metab Brain Dis . 2018. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11011-018-0268-5
- Comparative evaluation of H&H and WFNS grading scales with modified H&H (sans systemic disease): A study on 1000 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurg Rev . 2018;41(1):241-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10143-017-0843-y
- Independent impact of plasma homocysteine levels on neurological outcome following head injury. Neurosurg Rev . 2018;41(2):513-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10143-017-0880-6
- Contiguous triple spinal dysraphism associated with Chiari malformation Type II and hydrocephalus: an embryological conundrum between the unified theory of Pang and the unified theory of McLone. J Neurosurg Pediatr . 2016;17(1):103-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.peds15179
- “Horseshoe cord terminus” sans filum around a bone spur: a rare composite of faulty gastrulation with agenesis of secondary neurulation: case report. J Neurosurg Pediatr . 2013;12(4):411-3. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.7.peds13221
- Grade IV and V arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg . 2003;99(2):438-9; author reply 9-40.
- Cavernous Sinus Invasion in Pituitary Adenomas: Systematic Review and Pooled Data Meta-Analysis of Radiologic Criteria and Comparison of Endoscopic and Microscopic Surgery. World Neurosurg . 2016;96:36-46. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2016.08.088
- Impact of Early Leukocytosis and Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein on Delayed Cerebral Ischemia and Neurologic Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. World Neurosurg . 2016;90:91-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2016.02.049
- Validation of a New Clinico-Radiological Grading for Compound Head Injury: Implications on the Prognosis and the Need for Surgical Intervention. World Neurosurg . 2015;84(5):1244-50. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2015.05.058
- Median Supraorbital Keyhole Approach for Clipping Ruptured Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm: Technical Report with Review of Literature. World Neurosurg . 2018;112:73-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2018.01.100
- Bevacizumab for Radiation Induced Optic Neuritis Among Aggressive Residual/Recurrent Suprasellar Tumors: More Than a Mere Antineoplastic Effect. World Neurosurg . 2017;107:1044.e5-.e10. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2017.07.111
- Study of Cognitive Impairments Following Clipping of Ruptured Anterior Circulation Aneurysms. World Neurosurg . 2018. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2018.06.048
- Wax droplets lining the ventricles. World neurosurgery. 2019. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2019.04.209
- Prospective study of the correlation between admission plasma homocysteine levels and neurological outcome following subarachnoid hemorrhage: a case for the reverse epidemiology paradox? Acta Neurochir (Wien) . 2015;157(3):399-407. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-014-2297-0
- Does the impact of elective temporary clipping on intraoperative rupture really influence neurological outcome after surgery for ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms?–A prospective multivariate study. Acta Neurochir (Wien) . 2013;155(2):237-46. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-012-1571-2
- Prospective comparison of simple suturing and elevation debridement in compound depressed fractures with no significant mass effect. Acta Neurochir (Wien) . 2015;157(2):305-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00701-014-2296-1
- Study of trends in anthropometric nutritional indices and the impact of adiposity among patients of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurol India . 2015;63(4):531-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.162026
- Spinal dural arterio-venous fistula: clinico-radiological profile and outcome following surgical occlusion in an Indian neurosurgical center. Neurol India . 2013;61(4):406-10. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.117616
- The predictors of recovery from diabetes mellitus following neurosurgical treatment of acromegaly: A prospective study over a decade. Neurol India. 2019;67(3):757-62. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.263242
- Visual outcome in 2000 eyes following microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas: Protracted blindness should not be a deterrent. Neurol India . 2016;64(6):1247-53. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.193829
- Dose fractionated gamma knife radiosurgery for large arteriovenous malformations on daily or alternate day schedule outside the linear quadratic model: Proof of concept and early results. A substitute to volume fractionation. Neurol India . 2017;65(4):826-35. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/neuroindia.NI_220_17
- eNOS: A Passing Fad or the Crux of the Panacea? Neurol India. 2019;67(4):1013-4. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.266243
- Role of NT-ProBNP to differentiate syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and cerebral salt wasting syndrome: The conundrum. Neurol India. 2018;66(5):1389-91. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.241372
- How long can the optic nerve defy compression? Neurol India . 2018;66(1):288-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.222838
- Comprehensive neuro-ophthalmological assessment in pituitary tumors. Neurol India . 2017;65(3):690-1. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.205894
- Stroke in children due to an oral injury. Neurol India . 2017;65(3):689. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.205899
- Outcome prediction in traumatic brain injury: Is it a “Holy Grail?”. Neurol India . 2017;65(1):87-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.198243
- “Stroke by pencil”: A friend turned fiend. Neurol India . 2017;65(1):206-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.198224
- Spinal dysraphism masking the presentation of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula: A serendipitous development or a congenital predisposition to an early-onset variant of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula? Neurol India . 2016;64(6):1380-1. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.193830
- Posttraumatic ventriculosubgaleal fistula with underlying hydrocephalus. Neurol India . 2016;64(3):574-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.181581
- Is adiposity more than a mere bystander in SAH? Neurol India . 2016;64(1):197-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.173620
- The triad of holocord syringomyelia, Chiari malformation and tethered cord: amelioration with simple detethering–a case for revisiting traction hypothesis? Neurol India . 2014;62(6):708-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.149450
- Renal small cell carcinoma presenting with solitary lumbar intradural metastasis. Neurol India . 2014;62(5):561-3. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.144494
- Subependymoma causing conus-cauda syndrome: cured by total excision. Neurol India . 2013;61(6):675-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.125375
- Unusual presentation of hyperphagia after surgery for fourth ventricular ependymoma: accessory satiety center or hypothalamic seedlings? Neurol India . 2013;61(3):320-1. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.115086
- Third ventricular cyst presenting with bobble head doll movements and tactile hallucinations. Neurol India . 2013;61(1):87-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.108030
- Response by Singh and Dhandapani to Letter Regarding Article, “Has Outcome of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Changed With Improvements in Neurosurgical Services?: Study of 2000 Patients Over 2 Decades From India”. Stroke. 2019;50(4):e113. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.119.024451
- Null Cell Adenoma of the Pituitary: Pseudo-rosettes Say It Best When Immunohistochemistry Says Nothing At All! Head and neck pathology. 2018. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12105-018-0972-9
- Is ligation and division of anterior third of superior sagittal sinus really safe? Clin Neurol Neurosurg . 2013;115(10):1998-2002. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2013.06.003
- Intracranial Tumors: A Nurse-Led Intervention for Educating and Supporting Patients and Their Caregivers. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2019;23(3):315-23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/19.cjon.315-323
- Comparative evaluation of MRS and SPECT in prognostication of patients with mild to moderate head injury. J Clin Neurosci . 2014;21(5):745-50. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2013.07.038
- Factors influencing outcome in patients with colloid cysts who present with acute neurological deterioration. J Clin Neurosci . 2018. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2018.06.006
- Hemorrhage in astroblastoma: An unusual manifestation of an extremely rare entity. J Clin Neurosci . 2016;25:147-50. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2015.05.058
- Pressure ulcer in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: significant factors and association with neurological outcome. J Clin Nurs . 2014;23(7-8):1114-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12396
- Serum albumin level in spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage: More than a mere nutritional marker! Br J Neurosurg . 2017:1. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2017.1344615
- Non traumatic vertebral lesions: incremental utility of PET-CT over MRI and FNAC in a suggested diagnostic algorithm. Br J Neurosurg . 2017:1-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2017.1301377
- Tectal glioma presenting with clinical triad of obesity, amenorrhea and central cord syndrome with radiological pentad of hydrocephalus, empty sella, suprapineal diverticula, Chiari and syrinx. Childs Nerv Syst . 2017;33(2):385-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-016-3266-0
- Revisiting the metastatic potential of childhood pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation: a case report. Childs Nerv Syst . 2016;32(7):1183-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-016-3117-z
- Landmarks to Identify Petrous Apex Through Endonasal Approach Without Transgression of Sinus. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base . 2018;79(2):156-60. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604388
- Evaluation of Radiological Indicators of Surgical Plane of Meningiomas. Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base . 2016;77(S 02):LFP-01-3. doi: http://dx.doi.org/DOI:10.1055/s-0036-1592563
- Spectrum of Visual Deficits Associated with Pituitary Adenoma and Factors Determining Visual Outcome in More Than 2,000 Eyes. Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base . 2016;77(S 02):FP-02-. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1592443
- Endonasal Endoscopic Surgery for Recurrent Craniopharyngiomas Can Be Equally Effective as Initial Surgery and Ought to Be Offered before Contemplating Radiation. Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base . 2016;77(S 02):LFP-10-03. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1592607
- Keyhole vs Pterional Approach for Clipping Ruptured Anterior Circulation Aneurysms. Turkish neurosurgery . 2017;27(S):294-5.
- Pain perception following different neurosurgical procedures: a quantitative prospective study. Contemp Nurse . 2016;52(4):477-85. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2016.1222240
- Serum lipid profile spectrum and delayed cerebral ischemia following subarachnoid hemorrhage: Is there a relation? Surg Neurol Int . 2015;6(Suppl 21):S543-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.168067
- The prognostic significance of the timing of total enteral feeding in traumatic brain injury. Surg Neurol Int . 2012;3:31. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.93858
- Study of factors determining caregiver burden among primary caregivers of patients with intracranial tumors. Surg Neurol Int . 2015;6:160. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.167084
- Trends in cognitive dysfunction following surgery for intracranial tumors. Surg Neurol Int . 2016;7(Suppl 7):S190-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.179229
- Is “en-bloc” excision, an option for select large vascular meningiomas? Surg Neurol Int . 2013;4:102. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.116307
- Totally extradural spinal en plaque meningiomas – Diagnostic dilemmas and treatment strategies. Surg Neurol Int . 2014;5(Suppl 7):S291-4. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.139610
- Marker-CT assisted surgery using household key ring: A simple substitute to frameless stereotaxy for developing countries. Surg Neurol Int . 2014;5:109. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.137195
- Pupil sparing oculomotor nerve paresis after anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture: False localizing sign or acute microvascular ischemia? Surg Neurol Int . 2015;6:46. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.153877
- Frontal lobe signs after posterior fossa surgery: Is hypoperfusion ignored? Surg Neurol Int . 2016;7:20. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.176673
- Solid hemangioblastoma in the cerebellopontine angle: Importance of external carotid blood supply with regard to the probable site of origin and preoperative embolization. Surg Neurol Int . 2016;7(Suppl 1):S1-4.
- Endonasal Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Resection of Tuberculum Sella Meningioma with Anterior Cerebral Artery Encasement. Cureus . 2015;7(8):e311. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.311
- Types of Azygos Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery Branching Patterns: Relevance in Aneurysmal Surgery. Cureus . 2016;8(7):e681. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.681
- Prevalence and Trends in the Neuropsychological Burden of Patients having Intracranial Tumors with Respect to Neurosurgical Intervention. Annals of Neurosciences . 2017;24(2):105-10. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000475899
- The economic divide in outcome following severe head injury. Asian J Neurosurg . 2012;7(1):17-20. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1793-5482.95690
- Prognostic significance of age in traumatic brain injury. J Neurosci Rural Pract . 2012;3(2):131-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.98208
- Assessment of Utilization of Rehabilitation Services among Stroke Survivors. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2018;9(4):461-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_25_18
- Desperate Measures: Shunt Insertion under Local Anesthesia. J Neurosci Rural Pract . 2017;8(Suppl 1):S153-s4. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_7_17R1
- Quality of life among children who had undergone ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. J Pediatr Neurosci . 2018;13(2):189-94. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpn.Jpn_118_17
- Posterior approach to suboccipital-craniovertebral junction in patients with occipital pressure ulcer – Proposal of Y shaped occipito-cervical incision. J Pediatr Neurosci . 2014;9(2):205-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1817-1745.139376
- Trigonocephaly: A simple modified technique. J Pediatr Neurosci . 2014;9(2):125-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1817-1745.139305
- Ventriculitis and hydrocephalus with hypoglycorrhachia in congenital toxoplasma infection. J Pediatr Neurosci . 2016;11(1):91-2. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1817-1745.181270
- Sclerosing cholangitis and intracranial lymphoma in a child with classical Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Pediatr Blood Cancer . 2017;64(1):106-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pbc.26196
- Anaphylaxis during intraoperative indocyanine green angiography: A complication to watch out. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care . 2016;3(2):126-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2348-0548.182329
- Left Common Carotid Artery Agenesis with Hypoplastic Left Internal Carotid Artery Originating from the Aortic Arch: A Rare Anomaly Presenting with Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Clin Interv Radiol . 2016;1:49-52. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1597952
- Knowledge and attitude about seizures among caregivers of patients with supratentorial craniotomy. International Journal of Epilepsy . 2016;1(3):56. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijep.2015.12.038
- Prognostic value of admission serum albumin levels in patients with head injury. Pan Arab J Neurosurg . 2009;13(1):60-5.
- Idiopathic lumbar epidural lipomatosis: A rare cause of lumbar canal stenosis. Pan Arab J Neurosurg . 2010;14(2):117-8.
- Role of whole-brain computed tomography perfusion in head injury patients to predict outcome. Indian J Radiol Imaging . 2017;27(3):268-73. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijri.IJRI_454_16
- A giant intracranial hydatid cyst in a child: Intraoperative anaesthetic concerns. Indian J Anaesth . 2014;58(4):477-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.139018
- Fungal Mycotic Aneurysm in a Case of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus . 2016;32(Suppl 1):32-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12288-015-0574-6
- Role of Stroke Nurse in Hospital, Rural Settings and Telestroke. International Journal of Stroke . 2016;11(Supp 3):12
- Randomized controlled trial of magnesium sulphate in severe closed traumatic brain injury. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma . 2008;5(1):27-33. doi: http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0508(08)80025-1
- Clinical malnutrition in severe traumatic brain injury: Factors associated and outcome at 6 months. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma . 2007;4(1):35-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0508(07)80009-8
- Prospective longitudinal study of biochemical changes in critically ill patients with severe traumatic brain injury: Factors associated and outcome at 6 months. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma . 2010;7(1):23-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0508(10)80007-3
- Single photon emission computed tomography evaluation in patients with mild to moderate head injury. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma . 2010;7(2):107-11. doi: http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0508(10)80024-3
- Serum ionic magnesium in traumatic brain injury. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma . 2005;2(2):103-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0508(05)80023-1
- Mid arm muscle circumference monitoring in severe head injury. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma . 2006;3(2):107-11.
- A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy of Auditory Stimulation on Selected Parameters of Comatose Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma . 2015;12(02):128-34. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1569470
- Delayed lower motor neuron facial palsy contralateral to surgical decompression in patients with head injury: Report of two cases. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma . 2009;6(1):67-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0508(09)80030-0
- Post operative pituitary apoplexy in a case of giant pituitary adenoma. The Internet Journal of Neurosurgery . 2009;6(2).
- Einfluss des elektiven temporären Clippings auf intraoperative Aneurysmarupturen. Neurochirurgie Scan . 2013;1(03):193-4. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1345015
- Knowledge and Attitude About Seizures Among Caregivers of Patients With Supratentorial Craniotomy. Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine . 2015;18(40):41-60.
- Conservative management in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Progress in Clinical Neurosciences . 2012;27:215-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/DOI:10.13140/2.1.1304.4005
- Management of Seizures. Clinical Neurosciences and Critical Care Nursing : Jaypee; 2014. p. 222-30.
- Neurological Assessment. Clinical Neurosciences and Critical Care Nursing : Jaypee; 2014. p. 142-61.
- Quality of life of adult patients with ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Nursing & Midwifery Research Journal . 2018;14(2):87-99.